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Johann Sebastian Bach

1685 - 1750 Person Name: J.S. Bach, 1685 - 1750 Adapter & Harmonizer of "CHRISTUS DER IST MEIN LEBEN" in The Book of Praise Johann Sebastian Bach was born at Eisenach into a musical family and in a town steeped in Reformation history, he received early musical training from his father and older brother, and elementary education in the classical school Luther had earlier attended. Throughout his life he made extraordinary efforts to learn from other musicians. At 15 he walked to Lüneburg to work as a chorister and study at the convent school of St. Michael. From there he walked 30 miles to Hamburg to hear Johann Reinken, and 60 miles to Celle to become familiar with French composition and performance traditions. Once he obtained a month's leave from his job to hear Buxtehude, but stayed nearly four months. He arranged compositions from Vivaldi and other Italian masters. His own compositions spanned almost every musical form then known (Opera was the notable exception). In his own time, Bach was highly regarded as organist and teacher, his compositions being circulated as models of contrapuntal technique. Four of his children achieved careers as composers; Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Mendelssohn, Schumann, Brahms, and Chopin are only a few of the best known of the musicians that confessed a major debt to Bach's work in their own musical development. Mendelssohn began re-introducing Bach's music into the concert repertoire, where it has come to attract admiration and even veneration for its own sake. After 20 years of successful work in several posts, Bach became cantor of the Thomas-schule in Leipzig, and remained there for the remaining 27 years of his life, concentrating on church music for the Lutheran service: over 200 cantatas, four passion settings, a Mass, and hundreds of chorale settings, harmonizations, preludes, and arrangements. He edited the tunes for Schemelli's Musicalisches Gesangbuch, contributing 16 original tunes. His choral harmonizations remain a staple for studies of composition and harmony. Additional melodies from his works have been adapted as hymn tunes. --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)

Henry J. Gauntlett

1805 - 1876 Person Name: H. J. Gauntlett Composer of "ST. ALPHEGE" in The Book of Common Praise Henry J. Gauntlett (b. Wellington, Shropshire, July 9, 1805; d. London, England, February 21, 1876) When he was nine years old, Henry John Gauntlett (b. Wellington, Shropshire, England, 1805; d. Kensington, London, England, 1876) became organist at his father's church in Olney, Buckinghamshire. At his father's insistence he studied law, practicing it until 1844, after which he chose to devote the rest of his life to music. He was an organist in various churches in the London area and became an important figure in the history of British pipe organs. A designer of organs for William Hill's company, Gauntlett extended the organ pedal range and in 1851 took out a patent on electric action for organs. Felix Mendelssohn chose him to play the organ part at the first performance of Elijah in Birmingham, England, in 1846. Gauntlett is said to have composed some ten thousand hymn tunes, most of which have been forgotten. Also a supporter of the use of plainchant in the church, Gauntlett published the Gregorian Hymnal of Matins and Evensong (1844). Bert Polman

Carl Schalk

1929 - 2021 Person Name: Carl Schalk, 1929- Composer of "WE LIFT OUR HEARTS" in Worship Supplement Carl F. Schalk (b. Des Plaines, IL, 1929; d. 2021) is professor of music emeritus at Concordia University, River Forest, Illinois, where he taught church music since 1965. He completed graduate work at the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York, and at Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, Missouri. From 1952 to 1956 he taught and directed music at Zion Lutheran Church in Wausau, Wisconsin, and from 1958 to 1965 served as director of music for the International Lutheran Hour. Honored as a Fellow of the Hymn Society in the United States and Canada in 1992, Schalk was editor of the Church Music journal (1966-1980), a member of the committee that prepared the Lutheran Book of Worship (1978), and a widely published composer of church music. Included in his publications are The Roots of Hymnody in The Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod (1965), Key Words in Church Music (1978), and Luther on Music: Paradigms of Praise (1988). His numerous hymn tunes and carols are collected in the Carl Schalk Hymnary (1989) and its 1991 Supplement. Bert Polman

Edward Ashurst Welch

1860 - 1932 Person Name: E. A. Welch, 1860-1932 Author of "We lift our hearts, O Father" in The Book of Praise Welch, Edward Ashurst, M.A., of King's College, Cambridge (B.A. 1882), Domestic Chaplain to the late Bp. of Durham, and Vicar of St. Bede's, Gateshead, is the author of "Thou Who didst call Thy saints of old." (For Theological College.) --John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology, Appendix, Part II (1907) =================== Welch, Edward Ashurst. (Orpington, England, August 22, 1860--August 6, 1932, Southchurch, England). Anglican. King's College, Cambridge, B.A., 1883; M.A. 1886. Taught tehological students at Auckland Castle (Durham), 1887-1889; Trinity College, Toronto (Ontario), 1895-1899. Pastorates at Haggerston (as curate to Samuel John Stone), 1885-1887; Gateshead, 1890-1895; St. James' Cathedral, Toronto, 1899-1909; Wakefield (Yorkshire), 1909-1917; Southchurch, 1918-1932. While in Canada he did much to ease relations between "high" and "low" Anglicans, and to shape the 1908 Book of Common Praise. His hymns were written for specific occasions, including his own wedding. See: Macdonald, F.C. (1936). Edward Amhurst Welch. Cambridge University Press (privately printed). --Hugh D. McKellar, DNAH Archives

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